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Physics / भौतिकी

English Mechanics; heat and thermodynamics; waves and sound; optics; electricity and magnetism; electronics; modern physics; radiation and nuclear physics; applied physics in forensics; experimental physics and instrumentation.

Mechanics includes units and dimensions, scalars and vectors, one- and two-dimensional motion, Newton’s laws, work, energy, power, circular and rotational motion, gravitation, momentum, collisions, simple harmonic motion, elasticity and viscosity. Heat covers temperature, thermal expansion, thermodynamic laws, conduction, convection, radiation, kinetic theory of gases, specific heat and latent heat. Waves include Doppler effect, resonance and ultrasonics. Optics includes reflection, refraction, mirrors, lenses, optical instruments, interference, diffraction, polarization, LASER and fibre optics.

Electricity includes Coulomb’s law, electric field and potential, capacitance, current, Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s laws, magnetic field, electromagnetic induction, AC and transformers. Electronics covers semiconductors, diodes, transistors, rectifiers, amplifiers, digital electronics, logic gates, binary systems and communication. Modern and nuclear physics include atomic structure, Bohr model, photoelectric effect, X-rays, radioactivity, nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, half-life, radiation detectors, Geiger-Muller and scintillation counters and radiation safety. Forensic applications cover microscopy, spectroscopy, chromatography principles, imaging, ballistics physics, trajectory analysis, fingerprint imaging and UV/IR applications. Instrumentation includes vernier calipers, screw gauge, error analysis, measurement techniques, laboratory and electrical measuring instruments.

हिन्दी मात्रक एवं विमाएं, अदिश-सदिश, एक एवं द्वि-आयामी गति, न्यूटन के नियम, कार्य-ऊर्जा-शक्ति, वृत्तीय एवं घूर्णन गति, गुरुत्वाकर्षण, संवेग, टक्कर, सरल आवर्त गति, प्रत्यास्थता और श्यानता; तापमान, ऊष्मा, ऊष्मीय प्रसार, ऊष्मागतिकी के नियम, चालन-संवहन-विकिरण, गैसों का गतिज सिद्धांत, विशिष्ट एवं गुप्त ऊष्मा।

तरंग गति, ध्वनि, Doppler Effect, अनुनाद, Ultrasonics; परावर्तन, अपवर्तन, दर्पण, लेंस, Lens Maker Formula, सूक्ष्मदर्शी, दूरदर्शी, व्यतिकरण, विवर्तन, ध्रुवण, LASER और Fibre Optics; विद्युत क्षेत्र, विभव, धारिता, धारा विद्युत, ओम एवं किरचॉफ नियम, चुंबकीय क्षेत्र, विद्युतचुंबकीय प्रेरण, प्रत्यावर्ती धारा और Transformer. Semiconductor, Diode, Transistor, Rectifier, Amplifier, Digital Electronics, Logic Gates, Binary System, संचार प्रणाली, परमाणु संरचना, Bohr Model, Photoelectric Effect, X-ray, Radioactivity, Nuclear Reaction, Half-Life, Radiation Detector, Geiger-Muller Counter, Scintillation Detector और Radiation Safety.

Forensic Physics में Microscopy, Spectroscopy, Chromatography के सिद्धांत, Imaging, Ballistics, Trajectory Analysis, Fingerprint Imaging और UV/IR उपयोग; Vernier Calipers, Screw Gauge, Error Analysis, Measurement Techniques तथा Laboratory और Electrical Measuring Instruments.

Chemistry / रसायन विज्ञान

English Physical chemistry: atomic structure, chemical bonding, states of matter, thermodynamics, thermochemistry, chemical and ionic equilibrium, electrochemistry, redox reactions, chemical kinetics, surface chemistry, solutions and colligative properties.

Organic chemistry: hybridization and bonding, isomerism, hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, polymers, biomolecules, aromatic compounds, named reactions and reaction mechanisms. Inorganic chemistry: periodic table, coordination compounds, periodicity, p-, d- and f-block elements, transition elements, metallurgy, acids, bases, salts and qualitative analysis.

Analytical chemistry: volumetric and gravimetric analysis, buffer solutions, pH measurement, titration, separation techniques, paper chromatography, TLC, GC, HPLC, UV, IR, mass and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Forensic and applied chemistry: toxicology, narcotic and psychotropic substances, explosives and residue, petroleum products, paints, dyes, fibres, poison and alcohol estimation, food adulteration, arson investigation and chemical examination of evidence. Biochemistry, environmental chemistry and instrumentation include proteins, enzymes, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, nucleic acids, metabolism, pollution, heavy metals, waste management, spectrophotometer, colorimeter, centrifuge, microscope, electrophoresis, PCR and analytical balances.

हिन्दी परमाणु संरचना, रासायनिक बंधन, पदार्थ की अवस्थाएं, ऊष्मागतिकी, ऊष्मारसायन, रासायनिक एवं आयनिक संतुलन, विद्युत रसायन, Oxidation-Reduction, रासायनिक गतिकी, पृष्ठ रसायन, विलयन और Colligative Properties. सामान्य कार्बनिक रसायन, Hybridization, Isomerism, Hydrocarbon, Alcohol, Phenol, Ether, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic Acid, Amine, Polymer, Biomolecule, Aromatic Compound, Named Reaction और Reaction Mechanism.

आवर्त सारणी, Coordination Compound, p/d/f-block, Transition Elements, Metallurgy, Acid, Base, Salt और Qualitative Analysis; Volumetric एवं Gravimetric Analysis, Buffer, pH, Titration, Separation Techniques, Paper Chromatography, TLC, GC, HPLC, UV, IR, Mass और Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Toxicology, Narcotic तथा Psychotropic पदार्थ, Explosive और Explosive Residue, Petroleum Products, Paint, Dye, Fibre, Poison और Alcohol Estimation, Food Adulteration, Arson Investigation तथा साक्ष्य का रासायनिक परीक्षण; Protein, Enzyme, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Vitamin, Nucleic Acid, Metabolism, Pollution, Heavy Metals, Waste Management, Spectrophotometer, Colorimeter, Centrifuge, Microscope, Electrophoresis, PCR और Analytical Balance.

Biology / जीव विज्ञान

English Cell biology: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, organelles, mitosis, meiosis, cell cycle and membrane transport. Genetics: Mendel’s laws, chromosomes, genes, DNA structure and replication, RNA and protein synthesis, mutations, genetic disorders and genetic engineering.

Molecular biology and biotechnology: DNA fingerprinting, PCR, gel electrophoresis, recombinant DNA, cloning, Human Genome Project and biotechnology applications. Human anatomy and physiology: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, nervous, excretory, endocrine, reproductive, skeletal and muscular systems. Blood and serology: blood composition, ABO and Rh systems, antigen-antibody reaction, serum, plasma, blood-stain examination and serological tests.

Microbiology: bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, sterilization, disinfection, culture techniques and pathogenic microorganisms. Immunology: immune system, antibodies, antigens, vaccines, immune response and autoimmunity. Biochemistry: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, enzymes, vitamins and metabolism. Forensic biology: biological evidence collection, hair, semen and saliva examination, DNA profiling, human identification, wildlife forensics, entomology and age/sex determination. Ecology: ecosystem, food chain, biodiversity, pollution and conservation biology.

हिन्दी Prokaryotic और Eukaryotic कोशिका, कोशिकांग, Mitosis, Meiosis, कोशिका चक्र और झिल्ली परिवहन; Mendel के नियम, Chromosome, Gene, DNA संरचना एवं प्रतिकृति, RNA, Protein Synthesis, Mutation, आनुवंशिक विकार और Genetic Engineering.

DNA Fingerprinting, PCR, Gel Electrophoresis, Recombinant DNA, Cloning, Human Genome Project और Biotechnology; पाचन, श्वसन, परिसंचरण, तंत्रिका, उत्सर्जी, अंतःस्रावी, प्रजनन, अस्थि और पेशीय तंत्र। रक्त संरचना, ABO और Rh Factor, Antigen-Antibody Reaction, Serum, Plasma, Blood Stain Examination और Serological Test; Bacteria, Virus, Fungi, Protozoa, Sterilization, Disinfection, Culture Technique, Immunity, Vaccine, Autoimmunity, Protein, Enzyme, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Vitamin और Metabolism.

जैविक साक्ष्य संग्रह, बाल, वीर्य और लार परीक्षण, DNA Profiling, मानव पहचान, Wildlife Forensics, Forensic Entomology, आयु एवं लिंग निर्धारण; Ecosystem, Food Chain, Biodiversity, Environmental Pollution और Conservation Biology.

Mathematics / गणित

English Arithmetic: number system, simplification, LCM, HCF, ratio and proportion, percentage, profit and loss, discount, simple and compound interest, average, partnership, mixture and alligation, time and work, pipes and cisterns, speed and distance, boats and streams and ages.

Algebra: identities, linear and quadratic equations, polynomials, surds and indices, logarithms, arithmetic and geometric progressions. Geometry and mensuration: lines, angles, triangles, circles, quadrilaterals, coordinate geometry, area, perimeter, surface area and volume of cube, cylinder, cone and sphere. Trigonometry: ratios, heights, distances and basic identities.

Statistics: mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance, probability and interpretation through tables, graphs, pie charts and bar charts. Reasoning: series, coding-decoding, blood relations, directions, syllogism, statement and conclusion, puzzles, seating arrangement and Venn diagrams. Advanced topics: permutation, combination, probability, matrices, determinants and basics of differentiation and integration.

हिन्दी संख्या पद्धति, सरलीकरण, LCM, HCF, अनुपात-समानुपात, प्रतिशत, लाभ-हानि, छूट, साधारण एवं चक्रवृद्धि ब्याज, औसत, साझेदारी, मिश्रण, समय एवं कार्य, पाइप एवं टंकी, समय-चाल-दूरी, नाव-धारा और आयु संबंधी प्रश्न। बीजीय सर्वसमिकाएं, रैखिक और द्विघात समीकरण, बहुपद, करणी, घातांक, लघुगणक, AP और GP.

रेखा, कोण, त्रिभुज, वृत्त, चतुर्भुज, निर्देशांक ज्यामिति, क्षेत्रफल, परिमाप, घन, बेलन, शंकु और गोले का पृष्ठीय क्षेत्रफल एवं आयतन; त्रिकोणमितीय अनुपात, ऊंचाई-दूरी और मूल सर्वसमिकाएं; माध्य, माध्यिका, बहुलक, Standard Deviation, Variance, Probability, Table, Graph, Pie Chart और Bar Chart; Series, Coding-Decoding, Blood Relation, Direction, Syllogism, Statement-Conclusion, Puzzle, Seating Arrangement और Venn Diagram; Permutation-Combination, Matrix, Determinant, Differentiation और Integration की मूल बातें।

Forensic Science / फॉरेंसिक साइंस

English Definition, history, development, principles, scope and branches of forensic science; role of Forensic Science Laboratories, ethics, quality assurance, quality control, Frye and Daubert standards.

Crime scene management, types of crime scenes, security and protection, spiral, grid, zone and strip search methods, photography, videography, sketching, notes, collection, preservation, packaging, chain of custody and crime-scene reconstruction. Physical, biological, trace and digital evidence; hair, fibre, glass, paint and soil; fingerprint types, classification and development; blood and body fluids, DNA profiling and serology.

Forensic biology and toxicology: human anatomy, blood grouping, DNA extraction, PCR, poison classification, toxicological analysis, narcotics, drugs and alcohol. Forensic chemistry: acids, bases, salts, organic and inorganic chemistry, explosives, petroleum products, arson investigation, TLC, HPLC, GC, UV, IR and mass spectroscopy. Questioned documents: handwriting, signatures, forgery, ink, paper and counterfeit currency. Ballistics: firearms, ammunition, internal, external and terminal ballistics, gunshot residue, trajectory and tool marks. Cyber and digital forensics: computers, networks, cybercrime, digital evidence, file systems, data recovery, mobile forensics, email and internet forensics and basics of the IT Act.

हिन्दी Forensic Science की परिभाषा, इतिहास, विकास, सिद्धांत, क्षेत्र, शाखाएं, FSL की भूमिका, नैतिकता, Quality Assurance, Quality Control तथा Frye और Daubert Standards.

अपराध स्थल प्रबंधन, अपराध स्थल के प्रकार, सुरक्षा एवं संरक्षण, Spiral, Grid, Zone और Strip Search, Photography, Videography, Sketching, Notes, साक्ष्य संग्रह, संरक्षण, Packaging, Chain of Custody और Crime Scene Reconstruction; Physical, Biological, Trace और Digital Evidence; Hair, Fibre, Glass, Paint, Soil, Fingerprint Classification और Development, Blood, Body Fluids, DNA Profiling तथा Serology.

मानव शरीर की मूल बातें, Blood Group, DNA Extraction, PCR, विषों का वर्गीकरण, Toxicological Analysis, Narcotic Drugs और Alcohol; Acid, Base, Salt, Organic/Inorganic Chemistry, Explosive, Petroleum Product, Arson Investigation, TLC, HPLC, GC, UV, IR और Mass Spectroscopy; Handwriting, Signature, Forgery, Ink, Paper और Counterfeit Currency; Firearm, Ammunition, Internal/External/Terminal Ballistics, Gunshot Residue, Trajectory और Tool Marks; Computer, Network, Cybercrime, Digital Evidence, File System, Data Recovery, Mobile, Email और Internet Forensics तथा IT Act की मूल बातें।

English History, introduction and applications of computers, Information Technology, Internet and World Wide Web; hardware and software; input and output devices; Internet Protocol and IP Address; IT gadgets and applications; creation and use of e-mail; operation of printers, tablets and mobiles; important elements of MS Word and MS Excel; operating systems, social networking and e-Governance; digital financial tools; future skills and cyber security; Artificial Intelligence, Big Data Processing, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Internet of Things and India’s achievements in these fields.

हिन्दी Computer, Information Technology, Internet और WWW का इतिहास, परिचय एवं उपयोग; Hardware, Software, Input-Output Devices, Internet Protocol, IP Address, IT Gadgets, E-mail बनाना और उपयोग करना, Printer, Tablet एवं Mobile संचालन, MS Word और MS Excel के महत्वपूर्ण तत्व, Operating System, Social Networking, e-Governance, Digital Financial Tools, Cyber Security, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data Processing, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Internet of Things और इन क्षेत्रों में भारत की उपलब्धियां।

English History of Uttar Pradesh, culture, art, architecture, festivals, folk dances, literature, regional languages, heritage, social customs and tourism; geographical landscape, environment, natural resources, climate, soil, forests, wildlife, mines and minerals; economy, agriculture, industry, business and employment; polity, administration, current events and achievements of Uttar Pradesh in different fields.

हिन्दी उत्तर प्रदेश का इतिहास, संस्कृति, कला, वास्तुकला, त्योहार, लोक नृत्य, साहित्य, क्षेत्रीय भाषाएं, विरासत, सामाजिक रीति-रिवाज और पर्यटन; भौगोलिक परिदृश्य, पर्यावरण, प्राकृतिक संसाधन, जलवायु, मिट्टी, वन, वन्यजीव, खान और खनिज; अर्थव्यवस्था, कृषि, उद्योग, व्यवसाय और रोजगार; राज्यव्यवस्था, प्रशासन, समसामयिक घटनाएं तथा विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में उत्तर प्रदेश की उपलब्धियां।