JSSC Para Teacher Recruitment 2026 (Advt. 04/2026 & 05/2026) – 7299 Vacancies, Applications from 31 July

Mother Tongue — Paper 1

Questions will be based on the relevant mother-tongue syllabus approved by the Jharkhand Academic Council for the Secondary level. The paper is qualifying and requires at least 30% marks.

General Studies

• General awareness and the ability to apply general knowledge in society.
• Current events and scientific observation of everyday occurrences.
• Important information relating to Jharkhand, India and neighbouring countries.
• Current affairs, scientific progress and national or international awards.
• Indian languages, books, scripts, capitals and currencies.
• Sports, sportspersons and important national or international events.

Indian History and Culture

• History, civilization and culture of India.
• Indian freedom movement and major national events.
• Geography, environment and economic scenario of India.
• Indian agriculture and major natural resources.
• Constitution of India, polity and political system.
• Panchayati Raj, community development and Five-Year Plans.

Jharkhand General Knowledge

• Geography, history, political conditions, civilization and culture of Jharkhand.
• Languages and literature of Jharkhand.
• Important places, mines and minerals.
• Industries and natural resources.
• Jharkhand’s role in the national movement.
• Development schemes of the state.
• Sports, major personalities and civic achievements.
• Topics of national and international importance connected with Jharkhand.

General Science

General scientific understanding based on everyday observations and experiences, of the level ordinarily expected from an educated person without specialized scientific study.

General Mathematics

• Arithmetic.
• Elementary Algebra.
• Geometry.
• Elementary Trigonometry.
• Mensuration.

The level will ordinarily be equivalent to Matriculation / Class 10.

Mental Ability

• Verbal and non-verbal analogy.
• Similarities and differences.
• Spatial visualization.
• Problem solving and analysis.
• Visual memory, discrimination and observation.
• Relationship concepts and arithmetic reasoning.
• Number series.
• Coding and decoding.

Computer Knowledge

• Basic knowledge of computer devices.
• MS Windows Operating System.
• MS Office.
• Internet operation.

Classes 1–5: Social Science

Questions will be based on the Social Science curriculum approved by the Jharkhand Academic Council for Classes 1 to 12. The difficulty level will be Intermediate / 10+2.

Classes 1–5: Science and Mathematics

Questions will be based on the Science and Mathematics curriculum approved by the Jharkhand Academic Council for Classes 1 to 12. The difficulty level will be Intermediate / 10+2.

Classes 6–8: General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The General Studies, Indian History and Culture, Jharkhand General Knowledge, General Science, General Mathematics, Mental Ability and Computer Knowledge topics listed above will apply at Graduation-level difficulty.

Intermediate Level

आरोह भाग–2: काव्य खंड

• आत्म-परिचय तथा एक गीत — दिन जल्दी-जल्दी ढलता है — हरिवंश राय बच्चन।
• पतंग — आलोक धन्वा।
• कविता के बहाने तथा बात सीधी थी पर — कुँवर नारायण।
• कैमरे में बंद अपाहिज — रघुवीर सहाय।
• सहर्ष स्वीकारा है — गजानन माधव मुक्तिबोध।
• उषा — शमशेर बहादुर सिंह।
• बादल राग — सूर्यकांत त्रिपाठी ‘निराला’।
• कवितावली — तुलसीदास।
• रुबाइयाँ एवं ग़ज़ल — फिराक गोरखपुरी।
• छोटा मेरा खेत तथा बगुलों के पंख — उमाशंकर जोशी।

आरोह भाग–2: गद्य खंड

• भक्तिन — महादेवी वर्मा।
• बाजार दर्शन — जैनेंद्र कुमार।
• काले मेघा पानी दे — धर्मवीर भारती।
• पहलवान की ढोलक — फणीश्वरनाथ रेणु।
• चार्ली चैप्लिन यानी हम सब — विष्णु खरे।
• नमक — रज़िया सज्जाद ज़हीर।
• शिरीष के फूल — हजारी प्रसाद द्विवेदी।
• श्रम-विभाजन और जाति-प्रथा तथा मेरी कल्पना का आदर्श समाज — डॉ. भीमराव अम्बेडकर।

वितान भाग–2

• सिल्वर वैडिंग — मनोहर श्याम जोशी।
• जूझ — आनंद यादव।
• अतीत में दबे पाँव — ओम थानवी।
• डायरी के पन्ने — ऐन फ्रैंक।

जनसंचार एवं लेखन

• समाचार, रिपोर्ट, आलेख, फीचर और संपादकीय लेखन।
• कार्यालयी पत्र, टिप्पणी, प्रारूप और संक्षेपण।
• विशेष लेखन, निबंध और पत्र-लेखन।

व्याकरण

संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, क्रिया, क्रिया-विशेषण, विशेषण, कारक, समास, मुहावरे, वाक्य-विन्यास, निबंध और पत्र-लेखन।

Graduate Level

• हिन्दी भाषा की उत्पत्ति और विकास; अवहट्ट तथा डिंगल।
• भाषा के रूप—सर्जनात्मक, राष्ट्रीय, राजभाषा, संपर्क भाषा और संचार भाषा।
• तत्सम, तद्भव, देशज और विदेशी शब्द।
• भाषा-विज्ञान, ध्वनि-विज्ञान तथा अर्थ-परिवर्तन।
• भारतीय काव्यशास्त्र—काव्य-लक्षण, काव्य-प्रयोजन, शब्द-शक्ति, रस, छंद और अलंकार।
• पाश्चात्य काव्य-सिद्धांत—Plato, Wordsworth, Matthew Arnold, I. A. Richards और T. S. Eliot।
• प्रयोजनमूलक हिन्दी—प्रशासनिक हिन्दी, पत्राचार, संक्षेपण, टिप्पणी, प्रारूपण और प्रतिवेदन।

काव्य

विद्यापति, कबीर, सूरदास, तुलसीदास, बिहारी, रसखान, भूषण, भारतेंदु हरिश्चंद्र, मैथिलीशरण गुप्त, निराला, सुमित्रानंदन पंत, महादेवी वर्मा, जयशंकर प्रसाद, रामधारी सिंह दिनकर, अज्ञेय, नागार्जुन, सर्वेश्वर दयाल सक्सेना और धूमिल की निर्धारित रचनाएँ।

उपन्यास

• गोदान — प्रेमचंद।
• मैला आँचल — फणीश्वरनाथ रेणु।
• राग दरबारी — श्रीलाल शुक्ल।

कहानियाँ

महुआ, ठाकुर का कुआँ, नीलम देश की राजकन्या, परिंदे, दिल्ली में एक मौत, वापसी, अभिशप्त और मिस पाल।

नाटक

• भारत-दुर्दशा — भारतेंदु हरिश्चंद्र।
• ध्रुवस्वामिनी — जयशंकर प्रसाद।
• आधे-अधूरे — मोहन राकेश।

हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास

• हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास — आचार्य रामचंद्र शुक्ल।
• हिन्दी साहित्य का इतिहास — संपादक डॉ. नगेन्द्र।

व्याकरण: संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, क्रिया, विशेषण, कारक, समास और मुहावरे।

Language

Error Recognition, Fill in the Blanks, Vocabulary, Spellings, Adjective, Noun, Pronoun, Verb, Subject-Verb Agreement, Interchangeability of Noun and Verb, Gerund, Participle, Infinitive, Adverb, Tense, Clause, Transformation, Narration, Voice, Preposition, Sentence Structure, Synonyms, Antonyms, Sentence Completion, Idioms and Phrases, and Comprehension Passage.

Intermediate-Level Literature

Novels / Long Fiction: The Inheritance of Loss; Death of a Salesman; Robinson Crusoe; Sense and Sensibility; He Who Rides a Tiger.

Drama: The Merchant of Venice; Arms and the Man; Tara; The Way of the World.

Poetry: Sonnet 60; The Rainbow; Home Thoughts from Abroad; Lead Kindly Light; Preface to In Memoriam; Where the Mind is Without Fear; Essay on Man; The Harp of India.

Short Stories: The Necklace; An Astrologer’s Day; The Home Coming; A Cup of Tea; Mrs. Adis; God Sees the Truth, But Waits.

Essays: A Slip of the Tongue; The English Gentleman; The Bottle Imp; Opportunity for Youth; A Call to Youth; On Travel by Train.

History of English Language: A History of the English Language — A. C. Baugh; Origins of the English Language — Joseph Willies.

Phonetics: A Textbook of English Phonetics for Indian Students — T. Balasubramanian; A Course in Phonetics — P. Ladefoged.

Graduate-Level Literature

Novels: The Old Man and the Sea — Ernest Hemingway; The Painter of Signs — R. K. Narayan; The Power and the Glory — Graham Greene; Fasting, Feasting — Anita Desai.

Drama: The Tempest — William Shakespeare; Dr. Faustus — Christopher Marlowe; Final Solutions — Mahesh Dattani; Hayavadana — Girish Karnad.

Poetry: Sonnet 29 — William Shakespeare; The Rainbow — William Wordsworth; The Traveller — Walter de la Mare; Lead Kindly Light — Cardinal Newman; The Splendour Falls — Alfred Lord Tennyson; Ode to a Nightingale — John Keats; The Hollow Men — T. S. Eliot; Telephone Conversation — Wole Soyinka; A River — A. K. Ramanujan.

Short Stories: A Snake in the Grass — R. K. Narayan; The Castaway — Rabindranath Tagore; The Man of the House — Frank O’Connor; The Flood — Kamala Markandaya; The Country of the Blind — H. G. Wells; The Basement Room — Graham Greene.

Essays: Voluntary Poverty — M. K. Gandhi; Discipline for Daily Life — Lewis Mumford; The Civilization of To-day — C. E. M. Joad; Letter to a Teacher — Nora Rossi and Tom Cole; Kamala Nehru — Jawaharlal Nehru.

Intermediate Level

Prose: Haj-e-Akbar — Premchand; Bhola — Rajinder Singh Bedi; Chhauti Ka Joda — Ismat Chughtai.

Poetry: Jugnoo — Allama Iqbal; Kaljug — Nazeer Akbarabadi; Mustaqbil — Akbar Allahabadi; Khak-e-Hind — Brij Narayan Chakbast.

Grammar: Gender, singular and plural, word meaning and opposites.

Graduate Level

• Hindustani Ka Irtiqa.
• Urdu Zabaan Ki Paidaish—Nazariyaat Aur Haqaaiq.
• Jharkhand की जनजातीय एवं क्षेत्रीय भाषाएँ।
• Jharkhand में Urdu भाषा और साहित्य।
• Mutradifat, Ism-e-Musagghar, Ism-e-Mukabbar, Sabiqa, Lahiqa और Zarbul Masl.

Ghazal: “Ulti Ho Gayin Sab Tadbeeren…” — Meer; “Faqeerana Aaye Sada Kar Chale” — Meer; “Dil-e-Nadan Tujhe Hua Kya Hai” — Ghalib; “Dayam Pada Hua Tere Dar Par Nahin Hoon Main” — Ghalib.

Nazm: Lekin Khuda Ke Huzoor Mein — Iqbal; Ek Aarzoo — Iqbal; “Nisar Main Teri Galiyon Ke Aye Watan…” — Faiz; “Mujh Se Pehli Si Mohabbat…” — Faiz.

Prose: Fire Area — Ilyas Ahmad Gaddi; Parinda Pakadne Wali Gadi — Ghayas Ahmad Gaddi; Nirvaan — Zaki Anwar; Mrs. John — Sheen Akhtar.

व्याकरण

संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, वचन, लिंग, पुरुष, क्रिया, काल, विशेषण, अव्यय, प्रत्यय, पहेलियाँ, मुहावरे, समोच्चरित भिन्नार्थक शब्द, विलोम और लोकोक्तियाँ।

लोक-साहित्य एवं संस्कृति

• Santhali लोक-साहित्य का अर्थ, परिभाषा, वर्गीकरण, उत्पत्ति और विकास।
• गोत्र, ग्राम-व्यवस्था, पर्व-त्योहार, विवाह और मृत्यु-संस्कार।
• Dahar, Baha, Sohrai, Karam, Dong, विवाह और Dansay गीत।
• धरती और मानव की उत्पत्ति, Paris Katha, Sendera Katha और पर्व-कथाएँ।

इतिहास एवं आंदोलन

Sido-Kanhu Hul, Baba Tilka Manjhi Movement, Diba-Kisun Movement, Birsa Hul तथा Santhali सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक आंदोलन।

निर्धारित साहित्य

Kudukkudku — Hariram Hansda; Soboden — Badal Murmu; Marad — Sarada Prasad Kisku; Sengel Birsa Munda — K. C. Tudu; Buruwad — Raghunath Tudu; Saga — Uman Hansda; Rala Simil और Nehra — Shyamcharan Hembram.

कहानियाँ: Maidadi — Digambar Hansda; Tara Achar — K. C. Tudu; Ankhwa Laha — Somanath Besra; Katha Renad Gonod — Damyanti Tudu.

नाटक: Kiris Sindur तथा Tilka Murmu.

प्रमुख साहित्यकार: Domen Sahu Samir, Bhagwat Murmu Thakur, Digambar Hansda, Thakur Prasad Murmu, Babulal Murmu ‘Adivasi’, Kewalram Soren और Aditya Mit Santali.

Intermediate Level

Jibansmriti: Shiksharambha, Ghar O Bahir, Bhritya Rajak Tantra, Kabita Rachanarambha, Srikantha Babu और Pitri Deb.

Madhukari: Atir Munir Ashrame Shree Ram Chandra — Krittibas; Ishwari Patani — Bharatchandra; Bangabhasa — Michael Madhusudan Dutta; Nirjharer Swapnobhanga — Rabindranath Tagore; Hat — Jatindra Nath Sengupta; Kandari Hushiar — Kazi Nazrul Islam; Atharo Bachhar — Sukanta Bhattacharya.

Grammar: Samas, Sandhi, Bagdhara, Vinnarthak Shabda और निबंध।

Graduate Level

Grammar: Karak, Bibhakti और Ek Bakya Prakash.

Sanchaita: Parash Pathar, Ebar Firao More, Aamar Matha Nato Kore, Balaka और Eaikyataan.

Madhukari: Era Jadi Jane — Kamini Roy; Jiban Bandana — Kazi Nazrul Islam; Aar Kichhu Nahi Sadh — Buddhadeb Basu; Purano Kagojer Feriwala — Premendra Mitra; Hat — Jatindranath Sengupta.

Prose: Krishna Kanter Will — Bankim Chandra; Pather Panchali — Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay; Mukut — Rabindranath Tagore; Sajano Bagan — Manoj Mitra.

Literary Forms: Mahakavya, Geetikavya, Tragedy और Comedy.

Writers: Michael Madhusudan Dutta, Bankim Chandra, Rabindranath Tagore, Sarat Chandra, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Bibhutibhushan, Tarashankar और Jibanananda Das.

व्याकरण

वर्ण, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, वचन, लिंग, पुरुष, सजीव-निर्जीव, कारक, विशेषण, काल, क्रिया, समास, अव्यय, वाच्य, वाक्य के भेद, समानार्थी, विलोम, प्रत्यय, मुहावरे और बुझावल।

लोक-साहित्य

• Mundari लोक-साहित्य की परिभाषा, उत्पत्ति, विकास और वर्गीकरण।
• Ba, Karam, Sohrai और Adandi गीत।
• Karam, पशु-पक्षी, जीव-जंतु, पर्वत और देवी-देवताओं से संबंधित लोककथाएँ।

इतिहास एवं निबंध

Birsa Movement / Ulgulan, Gaya Munda, Chotti Munda, Mada Parab तथा Munda समुदाय की उत्पत्ति।

Graduate-Level Prescribed Material

लोकगीत: Basuri Aj Rahi के गीत 11, 13, 214, 167 और 349; Anayam Duraad के गीत 101, 104, 231, 252 और 370.

शिष्ट गीत/कविताएँ: Hisir के गीत 68 और 77; Seled के गीत 1 और 4; Bambaru के गीत 3 और 4; Sasa Ba के गीत 56 और 61; Suda Sangen का गीत 13; Manowa-Manowa Re Binga Bano:A.

लोककथाएँ: Ba Neg, Karam Kani, Soray, Limin Aad Ragosa, Hon Chatur, Gadia Songoti, Desoputi Raja, E Hoya Kowa Hon Misi “Piri”, Med Aad Sona Didi और Gupin Kowa Ba.

आधुनिक कहानियाँ: Kulae Kowa Balae; Bir Hona Nawa Inung; Sandu Ar Bindi; Buru Kula Sendera; Birsa Jimidar Kowa Jagar; Raigadha; Birsa Sida Sida; Pidiyud Chende Tudka Re.

नाटक: Marang Gomke Jaipal Singh Munda.

साहित्यकार: Budh Babu, Kashinath Singh Munda ‘Kande’, Dr. Ramdayal Munda, Dr. Manmasih Mundu, Bhaiyaram Munda, Dr. S. A. B. D. Hans, Dr. Manisiddh Badaiyud और Menas Odea.

व्याकरण

वर्ण, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, क्रिया, काल, लिंग, वचन, पुरुष, कारक, समास, अव्यय, वाच्य, वाक्य के भेद, विलोम, पर्यायवाची, अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द, मुहावरे, कहावत और पहेली।

Intermediate-Level Prescribed Literature

कविताएँ/गीत: Lita Masuri Bir Birad; Ma Ardaas; Ba Andedkan Disum Bano; Julo:Cha; Ena Do Okon Disum Tare.

गद्य: Bahsot; Gindru Deyaji; Munu Dostur Ar Mage Porob; Ba Porob Enga Haram Mamre; Kakaharaband; Tudham; Sing Disum.

Graduate-Level Poetry and Songs

शिष्ट गीत: Tete Chandu, Gelenchi Ba, Adum Jharkhand, Lake Bodra, Singi, Hatihasa, Jonom Disum, Dul Sunum Julo Cha, Aduwa Nanga Bharat और Disum Lagid.

कविताएँ: Gurusiya — Bagun Bodra; Honya Gama — Purnachandra Birua; Jiman Bada — Madan Banara; Huda Samaj — Somaya Kumar Tiu; Jiben — Neeraj Jamakada; National Festival; Jati Rakho Disum Lagid; Hatihasa Re Doya; Alte Jiben Re; Na Disum Re.

लोक-साहित्य

लोकगीत की परिभाषा और वर्गीकरण; Mage के 3, Ba के 4 और विवाह के 3 निर्धारित गीत।

लोककथाएँ: Denda Ho, Inda Ba, Kula Onje Baring, Ka Onje Ramiya Gojowa, Ho Onje Seta, Kana Dada, Hapnam और Kherra Tuyu.

आधुनिक साहित्य

कहानियाँ: Manjari — Priti Tiu; Udu Chandu — Damayanti Pingua; Soni Onje Aye Apsarase King; Champu Onje Dosama; Lote Kaka; Saya Hora; Sarjomi Sakom — Pradeep Kumar Bodra; Harayavan Rayo Dayana.

नाटक: Ba Horo Part–2.

साहित्यकार: Samu Charan Tubid, Dr. Devendra Nath Sinku, Dr. Janum Singh Soy, Ghanshyam Gagrai, Chandra Mohan Pingsua, Dr. Damyanti Sinku, Doberai Biruli और Dr. Pradeep Kumar Bodra.

व्याकरण

वर्ण-विचार, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, लिंग, वचन, कारक, विशेषण, काल, क्रिया, समास, अव्यय, वाच्य, वाक्य के भेद, विलोम और पर्यायवाची।

लोक-साहित्य एवं संस्कृति

• Kharia लोक-साहित्य की उत्पत्ति, विकास, अर्थ, परिभाषा और वर्गीकरण।
• Kharia जनजाति का सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक परिचय।
• Jad Kor, Karam, Indoi, Janam Parab, Kadleta, Murud और Kasasind गीत।
• Katha Kamenhut और अन्य निर्धारित लोककथाएँ।
• Shaheed Telenga Kharia, Gopal Kharia, Kharia Mahasabha और प्रमुख पर्वों पर निबंध।

Graduate-Level Songs and Poems

शिष्ट गीत: Senel — Lucas Kerketta; Johar — Pyara Kerketta; Galgaya Krus Daru To Melud Naay — Samuel Bage; Durdunij Alojnij Daru Tega — Samuel Bage; A Apa; Senel; Dhair Tertale; Ki Dud Aapa; Umid Ona — Dr. Anil Veerendra Kullu; Bhandar Ponda — P. Prafull Soren.

कविताएँ: Lamsam; 26 January; Mahatma Gandhi; Jhari Dharam Moj; Kiris; Bhel Molay Aasta; Lota A — Mary S. Soren; Nejand Saaj; Betaj; Adivasi Am.

कथाएँ एवं नाटक

लोककथाएँ: Sugi Aondo Muni; Kuli Budhi; Dela Re Un; Konher Re Lojangay; Teteteng; Sakhri Re Kohli; Kono Ke Kendu; Kutiya Re Kend; Kurkur Re Ibraden; Litiya Aondo Kutiya.

आधुनिक कहानियाँ: Man Kita Laj — Mary S. Soren; Dar Dhi Masar — Paulus Ba; Bhoranja — Mary S. Soren; Budha Koram — Paulus Ba; Mahakimin — Kumar Ba; Jinni Um Bona Bayna Hota — Julius Soren; Raja Beta Barakand — Julianus Ba; Ina Sugi Um Torangan — Rose Kerketta.

नाटक: Silim Khoriya Somra — Julius Ba.

साहित्यकार: Pyara Kerketta, Julius Ba, Dr. Rose Kerketta, Dr. Mathias Dungdung, Dr. Job Kim Dungdung, Dr. R. P. Sahu, Dr. Anil Veerendra Kullu और Dr. Mary S. Soren.

व्याकरण

संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, क्रिया-विशेषण, लिंग, वचन, पुरुष, काल, पर्यायवाची, विपरीतार्थक शब्द, अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द, कहावत, मुहावरे और पहेलियाँ।

गद्य साहित्य

• Jatra Ap Sendra — Birsa Bhagat.
• Kudukh Gahi Neg Ara Dharam — Jamua Kujur.
• Anjela — Ignace Kujur.
• Rai Saheb Bandiram Oraon — Ahlad Tirkey.
• Ruidas Kudukh Belas — A. Grignard.
• Tana Bhagatar — Dr. Philip Ekka.

पद्य साहित्य

• Jadi Pello — Dawle Kujur.
• Jatra — W. G. Archer.
• Khedd Chambhi — Dr. Nirmal Minz.
• Rasi Sukhe Gahi — Dawle Kujur.
• Alkha Ame — Justin Ekka.
• Khaddi Pariya — Padma Shri Juel Lakra.

अन्य विषय

Kudukh लोक-साहित्य, लोकगीत, लोककथा, आधुनिक कहानी, निबंध, सामाजिक-सांस्कृतिक परंपराएँ, Dandi के प्रकार और प्रमुख Oraon साहित्यकार।

व्याकरण

वर्ण, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, वचन, लिंग, पुरुष, कारक, विशेषण, काल, क्रिया, समास, अव्यय, वाच्य, वाक्य के प्रकार, विलोम, पर्यायवाची, प्रत्यय, उपसर्ग, मुहावरे और पहेलियाँ।

लोक-साहित्य

• Kurmali लोक-साहित्य का अर्थ, परिभाषा, वर्गीकरण और महत्व।
• Dander / Panta, Karam, Bihari, Damkach और Daf गीत।
• विवाह, Karam, Bandna, ऋतु, खेल और बालगीत।

लोककथाएँ एवं निबंध

Sambararay Nadik Janm, Sat Bhai Ek Bahin, Karam-Dharam, Purus Budha तथा अन्य निर्धारित कथाएँ। Shahid Raghunath Mahato, Shahid Nirmal Mahato, Vinod Bihari Mahato और Srishtidhar Singh पर निबंध।

Graduate-Level Prose

लोककथाएँ: Bandna / Sohrai Parab; Tasar Raja; Nisarathi Ke Bhagwan Sarathi; Sadhan; Liluk Kahani; Mathek Hansi; Pradut; Siyarek Mandhar; Raja Ghari Biha; Dhiraj Karan Siddh.

आधुनिक कहानियाँ: Chhutpati — Basant Kumar Mahato; Banash — Dr. N. N. Singh; Disa — Niranjan Mahato; Dekhi Saap — Sunil Mahato; Dharba — Anant Mahato; Dhanik Garab — Dr. N. N. Singh; Makri — Dr. N. N. Singh; Gaon Bhagwan — Dr. N. N. Singh.

नाटक: Keriya Bahu — Kalipad Mahato.

काव्य

विवाह, Damkach, Udhawa, Daf, Dander/Panta, Karam, Sohrai, खेल और बालगीत; निर्धारित शिष्ट गीत तथा आधुनिक कविताएँ—Udis, Jagaran, Ganati, Ekta Gathe, Jahant Jhanke Tari, Bhukha Pidhaak Tarah, Bidul, Bisris Na Mai, Dhandhora और Tana Kan.

प्रमुख साहित्यकार: Dr. Nand Kishore Singh, Lakshmikant Mahato, Keshav Chandra Mahato, Basant Kumar Mahato, Anant Mahato, Dr. Manasinh Mahato, Sudhiram Mahato और Dr. Hardev Narayan Singh.

Intermediate Level

• Khortha गद्य और पद्य संग्रह।
• Khortha Nibandh — Dr. B. N. Ohdar.
• Dah Natak — Sukumar.
• Farichh Dahar कहानी-संग्रह — Pancham Mahato.
• Ek Pathiya Dongal Mahua — Santosh Mahato.
• Sondh Mati — Dr. Vinod Kumar.
• Didak Doani — Vanshilal Vanshi.
• Tatal Aur Hemal — Shivnath Pramanik.
• Khortha Grammar — A. K. Jha तथा समसामयिक विषयों पर निबंध।

Graduate-Level Grammar

वर्ण, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, लिंग, वचन, कारक, विशेषण, काल, क्रिया, समास, अव्यय, वाक्य और उसके भेद, विलोम एवं पर्यायवाची।

लोकगीत

लोकगीत की परिभाषा और वर्गीकरण; संस्कार गीत—विवाह, सहियारी और छठियारी; पर्व गीत—Karam और Sohrai; श्रमगीत, बालगीत, ऋतुगीत और सामान्य गीत।

निर्धारित गीत

Mandir Baje Re; Don Papkar; Sohna Lago Re; Kale Sundar Chhotanagpur; Hamar Bharat Mahan; Mili Ke Rahiha; Sonjhi Hansai Jhenga Phool; Bon Raksha Jivan Raksha; Sewanik Bawdi Mela; Jay Moy Janani.

लोककथाएँ

Sat Bhay Ek Bahin; Dhenek Dharaini; Budha Budhi Ar Sat Pota; Gudgud Rani Ar Kauwa; Gohahal Parab; Budhi Ar Okar Nati; Du Bihahk Durgati; Ketki Phool; Luharar Beti Chhua; Khunta Mitar Chiyong Gota.

आधुनिक कहानियाँ एवं नाटक

Chhandhar; Dhonek Lor; Ham Jiyab Kasen; Nawa Jimidar; Udhar; Jinagik Dauni; Aad Dada; Dub.

नाटक: Chabhi-Kathi — Srinivas Panuri.

साहित्यकार: Bhuvneshwar Dutt Sharma ‘Vyakul’, Srinivas Panuri, A. K. Jha, Vishwanath Dasondhi Raj, Vishwanath Nagar, Shivnath Pramanik, Shyam Sundar Mahato ‘Shyam’ और Sukhdev Narayan.

व्याकरण

वर्ण-विचार, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, लिंग, वचन, कारक, विशेषण, काल, क्रिया, समास, अव्यय, वाच्य, वाक्य के भेद, विपरीतार्थक और समानार्थक शब्द।

Intermediate-Level Folk Literature

Fagua, Damkach, Angnai, Mardani Jhumar, Bangla Jhumar, Udasi, Pawas, Lahsua और Jhumta गीत।

लोककथाएँ: Ban Harni Kar Beta, Budh Manjhari, Bhai-Bahin और Balmukund Rani.

पुस्तक: Banphool Part–1 Nagpuri prose-poetry collection — Dr. Kumari Vasanti.

Graduate-Level Poems

Jaga-Jaga — C. D. Singh; Birsa Tor Iyaad Men — Kshitij Kumar Rai; Nagpurak Bhaiman — Bhim Mahato; Jeth Mas Aati — Bharat Nayak; Tulsi Aur Cactus — Dharendra Pravahi; Tor Betra Men — Giridhari Ram Gonjhu ‘Giriraj’; Nawaan Saalak Nawan Geet — Kumari Basanti; Gaon Kar Sanjh — Pandey Ravindra Nath Ram; Muluk Bharat — Aziz Ansari; Jagat Janani — Shakuntala Mishra.

निर्धारित गीत

Podilo Barkha Ritu — Raghunath Nripati; Chhodu Kapti Maya — Barju Ram; Papi Pran Chhute Nahin — Mahant Ghansi; Tharu Data Digambar — Ghasi Ram; Umadi Gagan Ghan Ghamand — Kavi Kanchan; Arjun Kahat Bihari — Jagniwas Narayan Tiwari; Sanwat Paisathi Saal — Dugpal Ram Deogharia; Kadki Uthlak Talwari — Prafull Kumar Rai; Sawan Ghata — Naimuddin Mirdaha; Aajadi Khatir — Ranvijay Nath Shahdeo.

लोककथाएँ एवं आधुनिक कहानी

लोककथाएँ: Kanag Aaur Churo; Bhainka Kar Khel; Dudud Bheda; Mayna Aaur Bud; Balmukund Rani; Kamal Aaur Karkari; Chota Gadai Aaur Raja; Chhotki Rani; Banharini Kar Beta; Chindliya Rani.

आधुनिक कहानियाँ: Ek Chakwa Raat — Prafull Kumar Rai; Bidhiya — Sharada Prasad Sharma; Rahi Kagaj — Dr. B. P. Kesari; Christmas Kar Sanjh — Dr. Kumari Vasanti; Motia Uhar — Pancham Sahu; Manpuran — Ranvijay Nath Shahdeo; Bhaina — Pramod Kumar Rai; Bhali — Dr. Umesh Nand Tiwari.

नाटक: Thakur Vishwanath Shahi — Dr. Viseshwar Prasad Kesari.

साहित्यकार: Prafull Kumar Rai, Mrityunjay Nath Sharma, Kaviratna Sharada Prasad Sharma, Sahni Upendra Pal Nahan, Dr. B. P. Kesari, Naimuddin Mirdaha, Dr. Giridhari Ram Gonjhu ‘Giriraj’ और Dr. Kumari Vasanti.

व्याकरण

वर्ण, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, वचन, लिंग, पुरुष, सजीव-निर्जीव, कारक, काल, क्रिया, समास, अव्यय, वाक्य के प्रकार, समानार्थक, विलोम, प्रत्यय, मुहावरे और बुझावल।

भाषा एवं लोक-साहित्य

• Panchpargania भाषा की उत्पत्ति और विकास।
• लोक-साहित्य का अर्थ, परिभाषा, विभाग और इतिहास।
• लोकगीत और मध्यकालीन कवियों के गीत।
• विवाह, Karam, Tusu, Sohrai, संस्कार और पर्व गीत।
• गीतों में रस, छंद, कला, प्रकृति-चित्रण और भाव।

Graduate-Level Poetry

Sawan Masa — Srishtidhar Mahato ‘Samir’; Jhagad — Srishtidhar Mahato ‘Samir’; Ratan Briksh — Dr. Chandramohan Mahato; Jiban Pathak Phool — Parmanand Mahato; Jiban Pathak Phool — Rajkishore Singh; Bansura — Dinbandhu Mahato और Parmanand Mahato; Mahua Ras — Sahodar Khondit.

लोककथाएँ

Karama Dharam Kare Katha; Baraha Aur Bhalu; Santarayan Katha; Jidua Barat Kar Katha; Girgori Aur Panchpari; Thakua Aur Bikhua; Mama-Bhagna; Bin Baitek Chhua; Panchi Rani; Chalak Bilai.

नाटक, कहानी एवं साहित्यकार

नाटक: Injot — Rajkishore Singh.

आधुनिक कहानी: Jadi Asan Hatak Hale Ka Hatak — Santosh Sahu ‘Preetam’.

साहित्यकार: Jyotilal Mahadani, Parmanand Mahato, Rajkishore Singh, Srishtidhar Mahato, Santosh Sahu ‘Preetam’, Dinbandhu Mahato, Chandramohan Mahato और Karmchand Ahir.

Intermediate-Level Prose

Swadhin Chinta — Biswanath Kar; Odia Jati Kie — Gopabandhu Das; Kshama — Madhab Manasingh; Jatiya Jiban O Sanskruti — Golok Bihari Dhal; Lekhakara Sansar — Kishori Charan Das; Madhusudan — Chandreswar Rath.

Intermediate-Level Poetry

Enu Kapat Guru Mor — Jagannath Das; Mo Jiban Pachhe Narke Padi Thau — Bhima Bhoi; Mu Hata Bahuda — Fakir Mohan Senapati; Utha Kankala — Godabarish Mishra; Gram Patha — Binod Chandra Nayak; Sharat Rutu Janha — Guru Prasad Mohanty.

Drama and Kavya

Drama: Bakshi Jagabandhu — Manoranjan Das; Abhiyan — Kalicharan Pattnaik.

Kavya: Pallishree — Sachidananda Rautray; Chilika — Radhanath Ray.

Grammar

Visheshya, Visheshan, Sarvanam, Linga, Bachana, Purusha, Karaka, Bibhakti, Abyaya, Kriya, Sandhi, Samasa, Yugma Shabda, Anekarthaka Shabda और अशुद्धि-संशोधन।

Graduate-Level Language and Literature

• Barna, Shabdagathana, Linga, Bachana, Karaka, Bibhakti, Sandhi, Samasa, Yugma Shabda, Bhinnarthaka, Anekarthaka, Biparitarthaka, Krudanta, Taddhita, Chhanda और Alankara.
• Bhasha और Upabhasha; भाषा, ध्वनि और अर्थ-परिवर्तन के कारण।
• Lokageeta—Doli, Karama, Tusu, Bibaha और Kandana.
• Shrimad Bhagbat — Jagannath Das.
• Rasakallola — Dinakrushna Das.
• Tapaswini — Gangadhar Meher.
• Kishora Chandrananda Champu — Kabisurya Baladeva Rath.
• Kalijai — Godabarisha Mishra.
• Kara Kavita — Gopabandhu Das.
• Shriyachandaluni — Radhamohan Gadanayak.

Graduate-Level Prose and Drama

लोककहानी—Rupakatha, Upakatha, Osha/Bratakatha और Pashu-Pakshi Katha; Rebati — Fakir Mohan Senapati; Aneka Smita Hasa — Manoj Das; Chha Mana Atha Guntha — Fakir Mohan Senapati; Paraja — Gopinath Mohanty; Konarka — Ashwini Kumar Ghosh; Ghara Sangsara — Rama Chandra Mishra; Abishkara — Manoranjan Das.

Intermediate Level

Jharkhand Academic Council द्वारा अनुमोदित Ritika Part–1 एवं Part–2 के निर्धारित पाठ और अनुप्रयुक्त व्याकरण।

शब्दरूप: बालक, फल, रमा, पति, मति, वारि, नदी, शिशु, धेनु, मधु, वधू, पितृ, मातृ, कर्तृ, राजन्, भवत्, आत्मन्, विद्वस्, यत्, तत्, किम्, इदम्, अस्मद् और युष्मद्।

धातुरूप: पठ्, गम्, लिख्, पा, स्था, दृश्, अस्, भक्ष्, घ्रा, हन्, श्रु, नृत्, स्पृश्, चर्, कथ्, कृ, ज्ञा, शक् और क्री—निर्धारित लकारों में।

अनुप्रयुक्त व्याकरण: कर्ता और क्रियापद का चयन, समानार्थक एवं विलोम, सर्वनाम, संज्ञा, विशेष्य-विशेषण, कारक, उपपद-विभक्ति, वाच्य-परिवर्तन तथा अनुप्रास, श्लेष, उपमा, रूपक और उत्प्रेक्षा अलंकार।

Graduate Level

• भाषा-विज्ञान और संस्कृत साहित्य का इतिहास।
• वैदिक साहित्य—वेद, ब्राह्मण, आरण्यक और उपनिषद।
• वेदाङ्ग—शिक्षा, कल्प, व्याकरण, निरुक्त, ज्योतिष और छन्द।
• व्याकरण—शब्दरूप, धातुरूप, संधि, पद, वाच्य, संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण, क्रिया-विशेषण, अव्यय, कृत्, तद्धित, प्रत्यय, समास और वाक्य-रचना।

निर्धारित ग्रंथ: पूर्वमेघ — कालिदास; उत्तररामचरित — भवभूति; अभिज्ञानशाकुन्तलम् का चतुर्थ अंक; कादम्बरी का शुकनासोपदेश; शिशुपालवध का प्रथम सर्ग; किरातार्जुनीय का प्रथम सर्ग; शिवराज विजय।

Graduate-Level शब्दरूप: बालक, लता, नदी, मुनि, गुणिन्, साधु, भवत्, अस्मद्, युष्मद्, तत् तीनों लिंगों में, सर्व, युवती, लेखनी, रेणु, पयस्, वस्तु और आत्मन्।

Graduate-Level धातुरूप: पठ्, गम्, दृश्, पा, हन्, भू, अस्, नृत्, लिख्, दिश्, मुच्, स्था, यच्छ्, शक् और अर्च्—लट्, लोट्, विधिलिङ्, लङ् और लृट् लकारों में।

General Physics

Vectors and properties of vectors; relative velocity; projectile motion; uniform circular motion; work, energy and power; gravitation; escape velocity; Kepler’s laws of planetary motion; elementary ideas of surface tension, angle of contact and viscosity.

Relativity

Special theory of relativity; Lorentz transformation; length contraction; time dilation; velocity dependence of mass; mass-energy equivalence.

Heat and Thermodynamics

Kinetic theory of gases; Zeroth, First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics; isothermal and adiabatic processes; reversible and irreversible processes; Carnot engine and its efficiency.

Optics

Simple and compound microscopes; Huygens’ principle; elementary ideas of interference of light.

Electrostatics and Magnetism

Gauss’s theorem and applications; electric potential and field due to an electric dipole; capacitors and series/parallel combinations; magnetic hysteresis; classification of magnetic materials.

Current Electricity

Kirchhoff’s laws and application to Wheatstone bridge; heating effect of current; Biot-Savart law; Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction; Lenz’s law.

Atomic and Nuclear Physics

Structure of atom; Bohr theory of hydrogen atom; Heisenberg uncertainty principle; Schrödinger equation.

Electronics

Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; p-n junction diode; Zener diode; half-wave and full-wave rectifiers; PNP and NPN transistors in common-base and common-emitter configuration; decimal and binary systems and conversion; basic logic gates, truth tables and Boolean algebra.

Algebra

Set theory; generalized De Morgan’s laws; countable and uncountable sets; set mappings; theory of equations; relation between roots and coefficients; transformation of equations; symmetric functions of roots.

Differential Calculus

Functions, continuity and differentiability; successive differentiation; Leibnitz theorem; partial differentiation; Euler’s theorem; tangent and normal.

Integral Calculus

Indefinite integration of trigonometric, rational and irrational functions; properties of definite integrals; reduction formulae; first-order and first-degree differential equations.

Coordinate Geometry

Standard equations of parabola, ellipse and hyperbola; tangents and normals; diameter excluded.

Three-Dimensional Coordinate Geometry

Different coordinate systems and relations between them; direction cosines; plane and straight line.

Trigonometry

De Moivre’s theorem and applications; complex argument; Gregory series; summation of series.

Inorganic Chemistry

• Atomic structure and periodic properties.
• Chemical bonding and molecular structure.
• Coordination chemistry.
• Chemistry of Group IB, IIA and IIB elements.
• Extraction, properties and uses of important metals and non-metals prescribed in the syllabus.
• Preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen peroxide, ozone, hydrazine, hydroxylamine and potassium permanganate.
• Acid-base theories and reactions in liquid ammonia.
• Principles of qualitative separation of cations, solubility product and common-ion effect.
• Preparation, properties, bonding and applications of alkyls and aryls of lithium and tin.

Organic Chemistry

• Hybridization and nomenclature of organic compounds.
• Alcohols and phenols—classification, preparation, properties and comparative acidity.
• Carbohydrates—classification, glucose, fructose, chain lengthening and shortening, conversion and structural determination.
• Preparation and synthetic uses of malonic ester and Grignard reagent.
• Preparation, properties and uses of urea and pyridine.
• Tetravalency of carbon; carbonium ion and carbanion; inductive, mesomeric, hyperconjugation and resonance effects.
• Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives.
• Optical, geometrical and conformational isomerism; tautomerism.
• Addition and condensation polymers, polyesters and polyamides.
• Soaps, synthetic detergents, dyes, oils and fats.

Physical Chemistry

• Thermodynamic systems, heat, work, internal energy, heat capacities, isothermal and adiabatic expansion, Hess’s law and Kirchhoff’s law.
• Catalysis and colloids—their preparation, purification, stability and properties.
• Crystal lattice, unit cell, Bravais lattice and Bragg’s equation.
• Kinetic theory of gases, ideal and real gases, Van der Waals equation and critical constants.
• Reaction rates; first-, second- and pseudo-order reactions; determination of order; Arrhenius equation.
• Electrochemistry—specific, equivalent and molecular conductivity; effects of dilution; Kohlrausch’s law; EMF of cell.
• Dipole moment, refractive index, molecular refractivity, paramagnetism and ferromagnetism.

1. Binomial nomenclature of plants with examples.
2. Plant-cell structure and functions of cell organelles.
3. Structure and function of DNA.
4. Plant tissues—their structure and functions.
5. Mitosis.
6. Parasitic and saprophytic modes of nutrition in plants.
7. Transpiration.
8. Photosynthesis and factors affecting photosynthesis.
9. Role of phytohormones in plants.
10. Reproduction in plants; typical ecosystem; physical and biotic factors; food chain and energy flow.
11. Environmental pollution—air, water and sound pollution and their control.

1. Classification of animals up to class level with characters and examples.
2. Structure and functions of biomolecules—nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates.
3. Animal-cell division; replication, transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
4. Mendelian inheritance; sex determination; linkage; crossing over; genetic diseases and mutations.
5. Digestion, circulation and excretion in animals and human beings.
6. Nerve impulse, nervous coordination and reflex action.
7. Endocrine glands and hormonal coordination.
8. Evidence and theories of evolution.
9. Bacterial and viral human diseases; vitamin and mineral deficiency diseases.
10. Aquaculture, apiculture, sericulture and poultry farming.

Ancient and Medieval India

1. Sources of ancient Indian history.
2. Rise of Magadha; Mauryan dynasty; Chandragupta Maurya and Ashoka.
3. Achievements of Vikramaditya.
4. Harshavardhana.
5. Arab invasion of Sindh—causes and results.
6. Vijayanagara Empire.
7. Babur and his achievements.
8. Administrative system of Sher Shah.
9. Akbar—state policy and religious policy.
10. Causes of the decline of the Mughal Empire.
11. Shivaji and his administration.
12. Aurangzeb.

Modern India and World History

1. Battles of Plassey and Buxar—causes and results.
2. Lord Dalhousie and his policies.
3. Revolt of 1857—causes and significance.
4. Raja Ram Mohan Roy and social reform.
5. Quit India Movement.
6. Cabinet Mission Plan.
7. Industrial Revolution.
8. French Revolution—causes and results.
9. Rise and fall of Napoleon.
10. First World War—causes and results.
11. Russian Revolution of 1917—causes and results.
12. Second World War—causes and results.

• Traditional and modern meanings of Political Science.
• Behavioural approach and behaviouralism.
• Liberty, equality and their relationship.
• Democracy—meaning, forms, merits and limitations.
• Political parties and party systems.
• Public opinion.
• Citizenship.
• Welfare State.
• Gandhism and Satyagraha.
• Marxism and class struggle.
• Indian Constitution—Preamble, features, Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
• President—election, powers and emergency powers.
• Parliament—Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
• Governor, Chief Minister and State Legislative Assembly.
• Supreme Court and High Courts—their jurisdiction.
• Election Commission and Public Service Commission.
• Regionalism, communalism and Naxalism.
• Panchayati Raj and the 73rd Constitutional Amendment.

• Origin and internal structure of the Earth.
• Rocks and minerals.
• Mountains and mountain-building processes.
• Earthquakes and their distribution.
• Isostasy.
• Weathering and mass wasting.
• Karst topography.
• Composition and structure of the atmosphere.
• Plantation agriculture.
• Physiographic divisions of India.
• Climate and natural vegetation of India.
• Hydroelectric power resources of India.
• Cotton textile industry in India.
• Population distribution and growth in India.
• Agricultural regions of India.
• Physiography and forests of Jharkhand.
• Fishing industry of Japan.
• World distribution and production of iron ore.
• World distribution and production of coal.
• World hydel-power resources.

Economic Theory

• Nature and scope of Microeconomics and Macroeconomics.
• Demand, supply and elasticity.
• Consumer equilibrium.
• Production and laws of returns.
• Perfect competition and monopoly.
• Theories of rent, wages, interest and profit.
• Money, inflation and deflation.
• Central banking and commercial banking.
• Public expenditure, taxation, public debt and budget.
• International trade.

Indian Economy

• Characteristics and causes of economic backwardness.
• Forest and energy resources.
• Unemployment and poverty-eradication programmes.
• Population problems.
• Agriculture and irrigation.
• Agricultural credit.
• Transport and communication.
• Industries and public sector.
• Economic growth, development and human resources.
• Price rise and Foreign Direct Investment.

Financial Accounting

• Financial-accounting framework, principles and accounting process.
• Journal, ledger, trial balance, profit and loss account and balance sheet.
• Measurement of business income.
• Financial statements of not-for-profit organizations.
• Hire-purchase and instalment system.
• Consignment accounts.
• Inland branch accounts.
• Departmental accounts.
• Joint-venture accounts.
• Partnership accounts and dissolution.
• Depreciation accounting.
• Insolvency accounts.
• Accounts from incomplete records.

Corporate Accounting

• Issue, forfeiture and reissue of share capital.
• Issue and redemption of debentures.
• Final accounts of companies.
• Valuation of goodwill and shares.
• Amalgamation, absorption and reconstruction.
• Holding-company accounts.
• Cash-flow statement.

Cost Accounting

• Meaning, nature, scope and elements of cost.
• Material control and valuation, including FIFO and LIFO.
• Labour cost and wage systems.
• Overhead allocation and absorption.
• Contract costing.
• Process costing.
• Service costing.
• Reconciliation of cost and financial accounts.
• Marginal costing and break-even analysis.

1. Business Economics

Nature and scope of Business Economics; demand analysis and forecasting; elasticity; production and cost; market structures; pricing decisions; national income, inflation and business cycles.

2. Principles of Management

Nature, functions and importance of management; classical, neo-classical and modern approaches; planning and Management by Objectives; forecasting; organization; authority and responsibility; delegation; centralization and decentralization; staffing; job requirement, job design, recruitment and selection; leadership; motivation; communication and control.

3. Research Methodology

Meaning, significance, objectives and motivation of research; types of research; hypothesis formulation; research design; sampling design; probability and non-probability sampling; primary and secondary data; questionnaire, interview schedule and case-study method; interpretation, graphical presentation and report writing.

4. Management Information System

Classification and value of information; information and MIS; role and importance of MIS; decision-making concepts and Herbert Simon Model; systems analysis and design; planning, design and implementation of MIS; DBMS, RDBMS and Enterprise Management Systems.

5. Entrepreneurship and Small Business

Definition, nature, classification and types of entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial environment and problems; size and choice of business; role of EDI, NIESBUD, NSIC and DIC; entrepreneurial process and decision-making; innovation versus invention; project preparation; sources of finance for small business.

6. Business Law

Nature and sources of business law; Indian Contract Act, 1872—valid contract, offer, acceptance, capacity, free consent, legality, consideration, void agreement, contingent contract, discharge, quasi-contract, remedies, indemnity, guarantee, bailment, pledge and agency; Indian Partnership Act, 1932—formation, registration, incoming and outgoing partners and dissolution; Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881—promissory notes, bills of exchange, cheques, parties and dishonour.

7. Human Resource Planning and Development

Nature and scope of HRM; objectives, functions and evolution; HR planning; recruitment, selection, training, development, career planning, performance appraisal, compensation, employee welfare and human-resource development.

8. Securities and Portfolio Management

Investment environment; risk and return; primary and secondary markets; securities valuation; portfolio selection, diversification and management; mutual funds and investor protection.

9. Industrial Relations

Industrial relations, trade unions, collective bargaining, industrial disputes, grievance handling, discipline, worker participation and labour welfare.

10. Business Ethics and Corporate Governance

Meaning and importance of business ethics; ethical issues; corporate governance; social responsibility; environmental responsibility; accountability and transparency.

Foundations of Sociology

• Origin, nature and scope of Sociology.
• Relationship of Sociology with other social sciences.
• Society, community, association and institution.
• Family, marriage, kinship and religion.
• Social groups and social organization.

Environment and Society

• Environment and ecosystem.
• Natural resources.
• Biodiversity.
• Environmental pollution and policies.

Social Structure and Change

• Social change.
• Culture and socialization.
• Social stratification.
• Social mobility.
• Social structure.

Sociological Thinkers

Auguste Comte, Vilfredo Pareto, Max Weber, Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim.

Research Methodology

Meaning and types of social research; hypothesis; sampling; observation; questionnaire; schedule; case-study and interpretation of data.

Rural Sociology

Rural social structure; agrarian relations and movements; rural poverty, illiteracy, labour, unemployment and caste.

Urban Sociology

Urbanization and industrial cities; urban environmental problems; poverty, slums, housing and urban social organization.